{"id":5583,"date":"2025-09-15T09:18:04","date_gmt":"2025-09-15T09:18:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/filter.watch\/english\/?p=5583"},"modified":"2025-09-22T09:20:05","modified_gmt":"2025-09-22T09:20:05","slug":"network-and-policy-monitoring-august-2025-iran-internet-faces-680-hours-of-disruptions-in-one-month","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/filter.watch\/english\/2025\/09\/15\/network-and-policy-monitoring-august-2025-iran-internet-faces-680-hours-of-disruptions-in-one-month\/","title":{"rendered":"August 2025: Iran\u2019s Internet Under Pressure from Self-Sanctioning and Filtering"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Iran\u2019s internet is in a state of continuous disruption, with new data revealing a system under immense stress from both internal policies and external pressures. Over the past month, a staggering 680 hours of internet disruption were recorded across 60 separate incidents. These outages are a symptom of a larger digital crisis, fueled by restrictive policies, filtering, and a lack of investment in infrastructure. This report synthesizes technical findings with analyses from official sources to provide a comprehensive look at the state of Iran\u2019s internet in August 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While many incidents were geographically limited to a single city, nearly a quarter had a broader impact, simultaneously <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ioda.inetintel.cc.gatech.edu\/country\/IR?from=1754048225&amp;until=1756640225&amp;view=view2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">affecting<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> several provinces including Tehran, Zanjan, Kurdistan, Lorestan, Qom, Ilam, and Golestan.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5593\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment_5593\" style=\"width: 532px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-1404-06-14-at-200755.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5593 \" src=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-1404-06-14-at-200755.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"532\" height=\"514\" srcset=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-1404-06-14-at-200755.png 790w, https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-1404-06-14-at-200755-300x290.png 300w, https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Screenshot-1404-06-14-at-200755-768x743.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 532px) 100vw, 532px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment_5593\" class=\"wp-caption-text\" data-caption=\"Map%20of%20internet%20disruption%20distribution%20in%20the%20past%20month%20according%20to%20the%20IODA%20internet%20monitoring%20website\">Loading...<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/citna.ir\/node\/324041\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Persistent<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, widespread outages of the Global Positioning System (GPS) have also continued since the start of the 12-day war, directly <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/citna.ir\/node\/324095\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">impacting<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> people\u2019s livelihoods and daily expenses. These technical findings, combined with official and specialized reports, provide a more complete picture of the current state of Iran\u2019s internet.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over the past month, several official and specialized reports have been released. These include:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/etchamber.ir\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tehran E-Commerce Association<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4-%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85-%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%AA-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fifth report<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Highlights poor service quality and restrictive policies\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Communications Regulatory Authority of Iran\u2019s (CRA) <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4-%D8%B1%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1-%DB%B1%DB%B4%DB%B0%DB%B4.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">report<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Points to the slow pace of communications infrastructure development\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Telecommunication Infrastructure Company\u2019s <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tic.ir\/Content\/media\/image\/2025\/08\/-1295638782_-642557980_250819_045817%20%281%29_78380.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">report<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Warns of security threats and cyberattacks<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The joint IranTalent - Tehran Chamber of Commerce <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AB%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%A8-%D9%88-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">report<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Details the impact on businesses and the digital economy.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Together, these reports and recent events in Iran's internet sector present a clear picture of an internet that lacks quality, sustainable development, adequate security, and the ability to support the digital economy.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Key Findings<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><b>Widespread and Continuous Disruptions:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Over the past month, we observed 60 incidents of internet disruption, most of which occurred during peak usage hours. Nearly a quarter of these incidents affected multiple provinces simultaneously. In just five days from August 21 to 25, a staggering 631 hours of internet disruption were reported.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Internet Crisis in Rural Areas and Online Education:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> The combination of internet and power outages in smaller cities and towns has created a more critical situation than in Tehran. With the start of online education in September, a more serious issue than what was faced during the COVID-19 pandemic is expected due to the lack of stable internet and power outages.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Low-Quality Internet and Ongoing Filtering: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Tehran E-commerce Association put out a report this month confirming that the low quality of Iran's internet is a direct result of filtering and internal policies. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Iran's internet ranks near the bottom of global rankings, performing particularly poorly in key metrics. Its scores for speed (84\/100), disruptions (92\/100), and restrictions (99\/100) are indicative of a system under severe stress.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Officials' response remains the same, repeating promises to lift filtering. The Tehran E-Commerce Association is a non-profit organization that represents a group of technology companies and startups in Tehran. It focuses on advocating for the digital economy and addressing challenges faced by businesses in this sector.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Slow Infrastructure Development and the Scourge of Self-Sanctions: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The penetration rate of fixed internet in the country has reached just 13%. Operators are facing a form of \"self-sanctioning\" due to import restrictions on standard equipment, all under the guise of localization policies.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Cyber Vulnerability and Concerns over Citizen Data Security: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Telecommunication Infrastructure Company's report reveals a 104% daily increase in cyberattacks on government portals and public service gateways compared to the winter. In this climate, the government is aggressively pursuing a digital transformation project that aims to centralize citizens' data within executive bodies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Economic Consequences of Poor Internet Quality:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Internet disruptions have dealt a heavy blow to the digital economy; more than 63% of companies active in online services and technology have experienced a decrease in cash flow.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Infrastructure and Internet Access<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Among the 60 disruption incidents observed, most fall into the medium disruption category, which is represented by a score of 45 to 55 out of 100 on the chart below. These scores are determined and classified based on a set of indicators, including the number of affected users, geographical scope, source reliability, duration of the disruption, time of occurrence, type of operator, type of service affected, and the social and political impact of the disruptions. Each indicator has a different weight, which is factored into the final score depending on its importance and role in user access.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In terms of geographical scope, the largest share, at 67%, was related to disruptions in a single city (e.g., Tehran, Tabriz, Shiraz, etc.) . In contrast, 25% of the disruptions were more widespread, simultaneously affecting several provinces, including Tehran, Zanjan, Kurdistan, Lorestan, Qom, Ilam, Golestan, and others.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5587\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment_5587\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Internet-outage-and-disruption-severity-index.svg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5587 size-full\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Internet-outage-and-disruption-severity-index.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"371\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment_5587\" class=\"wp-caption-text\" data-caption=\"Internet%20outage%20and%20disruption%20severity%20index%20over%20the%20past%20month%20%28scale%200%E2%80%93100%29\">Loading...<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5589\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment_5589\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Share-of-internet-disruptions-by-geographical-scope.svg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5589 size-full\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Share-of-internet-disruptions-by-geographical-scope.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"371\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment_5589\" class=\"wp-caption-text\" data-caption=\"Share%20of%20internet%20disruptions%20by%20geographical%20scope\">Loading...<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More than 70% of the disruptions occurred in the second half of the month, specifically from\u00a0 August 15 to 31.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5588\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment_5588\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Share-of-Total-Disruption.svg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5588 size-full\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Share-of-Total-Disruption.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"371\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment_5588\" class=\"wp-caption-text\" data-caption=\"Weekly%20share%20of%20internet%20disruptions%20in%20the%20past%20month\">Loading...<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although the number of disruptions was equal in the third and fourth weeks, their duration was significantly longer in the third week, with 631 hours of disruption reported just between August 15 and August 21.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Furthermore, in terms of the \"number of affected users,\" which is divided into three scales in this report\u2014small (fewer than 500,000 users), medium (between 500,000 and 1 million users), and large (more than 1 million users)\u2014over 70% of the disruptions occurred on a small scale.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5590\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment_5590\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Share-of-internet-disruptions-by-number-of-affected-users.svg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5590 size-full\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Share-of-internet-disruptions-by-number-of-affected-users.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"371\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment_5590\" class=\"wp-caption-text\" data-caption=\"Share%20of%20internet%20disruptions%20by%20number%20of%20affected%20users\">Loading...<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">By operator, data centers accounted for the largest share of disruptions at 76%, followed by fixed-line home and business connections (see Share of Operator Type chart).\u00a0 Mobile networks represented only 1.7% of incidents, but even this small share is significant, as a mobile disruption can simultaneously affect a large number of users.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5591\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment_5591\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Share-of-internet-providers-in-disruptions.svg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5591 size-full\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Share-of-internet-providers-in-disruptions.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"371\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment_5591\" class=\"wp-caption-text\" data-caption=\"Share%20of%20internet%20providers%20in%20disruptions\">Loading...<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Over the past month, the majority of disruptions occurred during peak hours, including business hours and evenings when the network is under the heaviest load. This indicates that service quality significantly drops during high-demand periods, affecting a greater number of users. In contrast, 43% of disruptions happened during off-peak hours, such as late at night and early in the morning, when user activity is lower. Although a smaller share, this demonstrates the network's lack of stability even during times of low usage.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5592\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment_5592\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Timing-of-internet-disruptions-by-peak-usage-hours.svg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5592 size-full\" role=\"img\" src=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2025\/09\/Timing-of-internet-disruptions-by-peak-usage-hours.svg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"371\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment_5592\" class=\"wp-caption-text\" data-caption=\"Timing%20of%20internet%20disruptions%20by%20peak%20usage%20hours\">Loading...<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4><b>How Restrictive Policies Are Driving Down Internet Quality<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/etchamber.ir\/internet05\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> fifth report<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on internet quality in Iran, published by the Tehran E-commerce Association, confirms that the poor quality of the country's internet is a direct result of internal policies and filtering. According to the report, Iran's internet remains slow, highly prone to disruptions, and heavily restricted, ranking 97th among the top 100 global economies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Iran's specific rankings for internet quality are:<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Speed: 84 out of 100<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Disruption: 92 out of 100<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Restrictions: 99 out of 100<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These numbers alone speak volumes about the slow development of the country's technology infrastructure and the increasing trend of restrictions and disruptions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the report's data, Instagram is still the most widely used social network, chosen by 63% of users and serving as the primary source of income for 60% of online businesses in Iran\u2014despite the fact that it is blocked and filtered in Iran. Unsurprisingly, 86% of internet users now depend on VPNs, a figure that rises to 93% among those under 30. The report also states that in addition to VPN usage, the use of Starlink internet is on the rise. It appears that the creation of laws criminalizing the use of Starlink has not deterred users.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The report also highlights the \u201cIran-Access\u201d policy\u2014which blocks domestic websites for users outside the country\u2014as both inefficient and costly. This is a policy the Islamic Republic adopted during crises, such as the 12-day war, to evade cyberattacks. Yet, two months after the ceasefire, many government websites remain restricted under Iran-Access.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Corroborating the Tehran E-commerce Association's report, numerous user reports on social media indicate that the problem of internet outages, combined with power cuts in smaller cities and towns, has become a more severe crisis compared to Tehran.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition, a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/dgto.ir\/3x-j\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">statement <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">signed by more than 100 leading Iranian digital economy startups, as well as the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zoomit.ir\/tech-iran\/446485-pr-association-request-for-removing-filtering\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Iranian Public Relations Association<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, is noteworthy. In their joint statement, the startups demanded an end to restrictive internet policies, including:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lifting the filtering of social media, educational, and skills-based websites<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Increasing international internet speed and bandwidth<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Removing restrictions on modern internet protocols like HTTP\/3 and IPv6<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Notably, the CEO of the Telecommunication Infrastructure Company denied the existence of these restrictions on his personal X (formerly Twitter) page. He <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/behzad_akbari54\/status\/1955692105801621621\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ignored<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the widespread disruptions to the IPv6 protocol that occurred from June 13, at the start of the 12-day war, until late July. Instead, he cited seven-day Cloudflare data from August 7 to August 13 to support his claim.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the reasons for the internet crisis in Iran was revealed during a meeting between the Minister of Communications and the directors of telecommunication operators: the operators' \"self-sanctioning.\"<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The meeting, which took place after Parliament issued an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zoomit.ir\/tech-iran\/446361-parliament-gives-deadline-ict-minister-to-improve-internet-quality\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ultimatum<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to the Minister to improve internet quality, also identified \"energy shortages and frequent power outages\" as a cause of the decline in internet quality. These outages have occurred over two thousand times in telecommunication centers in the first half of the current year alone.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They explained that domestic batteries lack the necessary quality for network stability, and the import of foreign batteries and modems is restricted under the pretext of \"supporting domestic production.\" In practice, this policy functions as a form of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zoomit.ir\/tech-iran\/446420-iran-operators-warn-internet-crisis\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">self-sanctioning<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: a domestic modem reaches speeds of only 4 Mbps, compared to 115 Mbps for a foreign model.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are over 110,000 <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/isna.ir\/xdTX5f\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">active cell towers<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in the country, but fewer than half of them are 4G. It's also worth noting that on August 12, some of these towers were being dismantled by the municipality based on Article 100 of the law. After widespread protests, a temporary halt to this action was <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.isna.ir\/news\/1404052213485\/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%82%D9%81-%D9%85%D9%88%D9%82%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%AD%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%AF%DA%A9%D9%84-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ordered<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Experts <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/donya-e-eqtesad.com\/fa\/tiny\/news-4205775\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">warn<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that dismantling the towers, due to flaws in the initial network design, will force users to fall back on older generations like 2G and 3G. It also creates additional pressure on nearby towers, leading to signal degradation, dropped calls, and slower internet speeds.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instead of taking action to remove obstacles, the 14th government in Iran's internet sector has continued to repeat the familiar promise of \"lifting filtering.\"<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hajimirzaei, the Chief of Staff to the President, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ilna.ir\/fa\/tiny\/news-1678340\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">stated<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that the main condition for lifting the filter on foreign platforms is their \"official presence and compliance with Iran's domestic laws,\" and he announced that multiple negotiations have been held on this matter. However, these conditions appear to be \"unachievable\" given the current sanctions and the possibility of UN \u201csnapback\u201d sanctions being <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/donya-e-eqtesad.com\/fa\/tiny\/news-4207477\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">activated<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Communication Infrastructure Development and Localization Policies<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Amid multiple crises affecting internet quality, a Spring 2025 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/peivast.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/1404-1.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">report<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> from the Communications Regulatory Authority of Iran (CRA) indicates the slow development of communication infrastructure in the country.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Slow Growth of Fixed Internet<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While mobile internet boasts a penetration rate exceeding 140% and remains the dominant form of connectivity, the penetration rate for <\/span><b>fixed internet has reached only 13%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> after a period of extremely slow growth. Fixed internet is the foundational backbone of the digital economy; without its robust development, key sectors like online education, enterprise services, and high-bandwidth businesses face significant and persistent limitations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The CRA report also notes that only about 158,000 new households have been brought under fiber optic coverage. This minimal progress sharply contradicts the Minister of Communications' public promises to accelerate fiber optic development. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zoomit.ir\/tech-iran\/445531-iranian-fiber-optic-in-venezuela\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Proposed solutions<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, such as establishing an Iranian fiber optic factory in Venezuela as part of Iran's \"technology diplomacy,\" have so far failed to yield any tangible results.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This slow development of stable infrastructure exacerbates the <\/span><b>digital divide<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> between major urban centers and disadvantaged regions. Interestingly, despite this critical gap, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/citna.ir\/node\/323821\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">rumors<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> suggest a new push for online education in schools and universities is planned for September. Given past failures\u2014such as the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.irna.ir\/news\/84409395\/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B5%DB%8C%D9%84-%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84-%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9-%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7-%D9%88-%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B4%DB%8C\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">600,000<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> students left behind during the COVID-19 pandemic due to a lack of internet access and smart devices\u2014launching this initiative amid a current electricity crisis and frequent internet outages is likely to create an even more serious problem.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Focus on Localization and Control<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Simultaneously with this infrastructure stagnation, the Ministry of Communications and the government have intensified their focus on hardware and software localization projects. In August 2025, the development of a <\/span><b>domestic mobile operating system<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> once again became a central pillar of Iran's cyberspace policy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In line with the 25-year cooperation <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/pvst.ir\/m1g\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">agreement<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> between Iran and China, the Chinese side has committed to transferring knowledge and solutions for mobile OS production to Iran. The Supreme Council of Cyberspace has set an ambitious goal: a domestic operating system must be installed on at least 20% of the country's smartphones\u2014over three million devices\u2014by the end of 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Test versions of a\u00a0 rewritten Android OS are currently being evaluated. The strategic plan is to manage all\u00a0 service layers and updates (FOTA) exclusively\u00a0 through domestic servers. This approach aligns directly with\u00a0 the goals of the National Information Network (NIN) document, aiming\u00a0 to centralize control over user data and behavior.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Cyberattacks: Another Dimension of Infrastructure Vulnerability<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While regulatory statistics show the state of infrastructure development and user access quality, a new report from the Telecommunication Infrastructure Company sheds light on another dimension of the issue: network security and its resilience against cyberattacks. This quarterly report reveals that the challenges facing Iran's internet are not limited to slow development or poor quality; the country's critical infrastructure is also under constant security threats.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.tic.ir\/Content\/media\/image\/2025\/08\/-1295638782_-642557980_250819_045817%20(1)_78380.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">report<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, more than 215,000 cyberattacks were identified in the spring of 2025. The average number of daily cyberattacks increased by 104% compared to the winter of 2024, reaching 2,313 attacks per day. The majority of these attacks targeted government portals and public service gateways, whereas in the winter of 2024, the primary targets were online businesses and internet service providers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Simultaneously, on August 2, 2025, the President issued an eight-point <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/tn.ai\/3383547\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">directive tasking<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> the Ministry of Communications and the Information Technology Organization with unifying systems, facilitating data exchange between government bodies, and creating a digital single window. Shortly after, the Information Technology Organization announced in a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/peivast.com\/p\/240100\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">report<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that the National Smart Government Services Window now has over 67 million users. The \"Iran Pass\" digital identity application is intended to enable the use of electronic documents (national ID cards, birth certificates, academic records) and connect individuals' legal addresses and geographical locations to service systems.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The government's insistence on data centralization in a context where government infrastructure and systems have been repeatedly attacked has raised significant concerns about the security of citizens' data.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>The Impact of Disruptions on People's Livelihoods and the Economy<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The challenges discussed\u2014poor internet quality, slow infrastructure development, and security vulnerabilities\u2014directly and severely impact Iran's economy and people's livelihoods. A <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/peivast.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AA.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">joint report <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">by IranTalent and the Tehran Chamber of Commerce, based on a survey of over 700 managers and economic professionals, starkly illustrates how the 12-day war and its resulting internet disruptions dealt a heavy blow to the country's digital economy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Note on Sources:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> IranTalent is Iran's leading online professional and job-seeking platform. It is a critical source of data on the country's labor market and tech sector, making its surveys with the Tehran Chamber of Commerce a reliable indicator of economic trends among managers and professionals.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Key Findings on the Digital Sector<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The report's findings on online businesses and the IT sector clearly show the economic repercussions of the war:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Financial Downturn:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Over <\/span><b>63%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of companies in the technology and online services sectors experienced a decrease in cash flow, a figure higher than in many other industries.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Post-Conflict Recovery:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> In the period following the conflict, this sector demonstrated a robust recovery, with a <\/span><b>42%<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> improvement in sales and cash flow, recovering faster than some traditional industries.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Operational Barriers:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Disruptions to the internet and communication infrastructure were cited as one of the most significant operational barriers for these businesses during the conflict.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Telework and Communication:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Technology and online service companies also suffered the most from restrictions on teleworking and communication outages, underscoring their unique vulnerability.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This data underscores that the quality and security of internet infrastructure are not merely technical or security concerns. Instead, they are directly tied to the health of the country's digital economy and the economic well-being of millions of citizens.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Iran\u2019s internet is in a state of continuous disruption, with new data revealing a system under immense stress from both internal policies and external pressures. Over the past month, a staggering 680 hours of internet disruption were recorded across 60 separate incidents. These outages are a symptom of a larger digital crisis, fueled by restrictive<a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/filter.watch\/english\/2025\/09\/15\/network-and-policy-monitoring-august-2025-iran-internet-faces-680-hours-of-disruptions-in-one-month\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\"August 2025: Iran\u2019s Internet Under Pressure from Self-Sanctioning and Filtering\"<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":5584,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[324,62,325,200,326,323],"class_list":["post-5583","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-network-monitor","tag-cybersecurity-and-data-privacy","tag-digital-economy-in-iran","tag-filtering-and-self-sanctions","tag-internet-disruption","tag-internet-infrastructure-crisis","tag-tehran-e-commerce-association","entry"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Iran\u2019s internet is in a state of continuous disruption, with new data revealing a system under immense stress from both internal policies and external pressures. 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